標題: Danny Ward Liverpool Jersey political participation [打印本頁] 作者: dury0t17e 時間: 2017-8-4 13:46 標題: Danny Ward Liverpool Jersey political participation
… so says Economist Intelligence UnitIn a report released last Friday by the UK-based think tank, Economist Intelligence Unit, Guyana still lurks dangerously close to being considered as less than a democratic nation.In what is the third edition of the Economist Intelligence Unit’s Index of Democracy, Guyana was given an overall ranking of 75 out of a group of 165 independent states and two territories. The first edition was published in The Economist’s The World in 2007 and measured the state of democracy at the end of 2007; the second publication was in 2008 and covered the situation as at that time. This last publication reflects the state of democratic health in these countries as of November 2010.The Index ranks each country by ‘performance’ under five categories: electoral process and pluralism; civil liberties; the functioning of government; political participation; and political culture.Our scores under those categories are as follows: Electoral Process and Pluralism – 7.92; Functioning of Government – 5.36; Political Participation – 5.56; Political Culture – 4.38 and Civil Liberties – 7.06. All of the scores are recorded on a scale of 0 to 10 with ten being the highest.Based on their overall rankings the countries are also placed within one of four types of regimes: full democracies, flawed democracies; hybrid regimes; and authoritarian regimes. This year Guyana slipped in their overall score and barely escaped being placed in the ‘hybrid regime’ category by 0.05 points.According to the compilation, “Free and fair elections and civil liberties are necessary conditions for democracy, but they are unlikely to be sufficient for a full and consolidated democracy if unaccompanied by transparent and at least minimally efficient government,Toby Alderweireld Hotspur Jersey UK, sufficient political participation and a supportive democratic political culture.”The report went on to point out that “It is not easy to build a sturdy democracy. Even in long-established ones, if not nurtured and protected, democracy can corrode.”The distribution of flawed democracies was found to be concentrated in Latin America and Eastern Europe and to a lesser extent in Asia. It was highlighted that although there has been some progress in terms of democratisation in Latin America in recent decades,Morgan Schneiderlin Jersey, many of the countries in the region “remain fragile democracies.”The report commented on these countries,Marco Reus Jersey, including Guyana, saying that “levels of political participation are generally low and democratic cultures are weak.”The report defines flawed democracies by saying that these countries also have free and fair elections and even if there are problems (such as infringements on media freedom), basic civil liberties will be respected.However, there are significant weaknesses in other aspects of democracy, including problems in governance, an underdeveloped political culture and low levels of political participation.However,Vincent Janssen Netherland Jersey, the definition for the next category that Guyana may fall into if its decline continues to the next index in 2012 bears mentioning.Of ‘hybrid regimes’ the report had this to say, “Elections have substantial irregularities that often prevent them from being both free and fair. Government pressure on opposition parties and candidates may be common. Serious weaknesses are more prevalent than in flawed democracies—in political culture,Gabriel Paletta Jersey, functioning of government and political participation. Corruption tends to be widespread and the rule of law is weak. Civil society is weak. Typically there is harassment of and pressure on journalists and the judiciary is not independent.”The extent of media freedoms also serves as an indication of the democratic temperament of a nation. The report indicated that in recent years there has been ‘significant backsliding’ in this area.It read, “A noticeable decline in media freedoms in recent years,Christian Eriksen Hotspur Jersey UK, affecting all regions to some extent, has accelerated since 2008. This has affected mainly electronic media, which is often under state control or heavy state influence—although repression and infringements of the freedom of expression have also extended to the print media and, most recently, the Internet.”It was highlighted that in 36 countries there was a deterioration in scores for media freedom between 2008 and 2010; among these was Guyana.The report went on to say on the matter, “The reasons for this decline are complex and varied. Underlying negative trends appear to have been exacerbated by the post-2008 economic crisis. Many governments have felt increasingly vulnerable and threatened and have reacted by intensifying their efforts to control the media and impede free expression.“Increasing unemployment and job insecurity have fostered a climate of fear and self-censorship among journalists in many countries. Advanced nations have become more inward-looking and hence less interested and capable of monitoring and pressuring emerging market governments to ensure freedom of the press.”One point that was raised around media freedoms in authoritarian regimes also appeared to have some relevance to events in Guyana as well. In the report it was pointed out that in authoritarian regimes, “which have often become stronger and more confident, state control and repression of any independent media is a given and has if anything tended to get worse, with increasing attacks on independent journalists.”作者: limei6dn3 時間: 2017-8-4 16:46 標題: Los Angeles Chargers Barn 6nZs943ahq
t deep fissures into which the waters fell as they rolled onwards, and it was really surprising to see the immense quantity these chasms required to fill them.
Having taken leave of the Darling, it may be as well that I should make a few general remarks upon it. The reader will have observed from my description, that the scenery on the banks is picturesque and cheerful, that its trees though of smaller size than those on the Murray, are more graceful and have a denser Dortmund Koszulka foliage and more drooping habit, and that the flats contiguous to the stream are abundantly Schalke 04 Koszulka grassy. I have described the river as I found it, but I would not have the reader suppose that it always presents the same luxuriant appearance, for not many months before this period my persevering friend Mr. Eyre, on a journey up its banks, could hardly find grass sufficient for his horses. There was not a blade of vegetation on the flats, but little water in the river, San Antonio Spurs Drakter and the whole scenery wore a most barren AC Milan Dziecko appearance. Countries, however, the summer heat of which is so excessive, as in Australia, are always subject to such changes, nor is it any argument against their soil, that it should at one season of Ralph Lauren Handväskor the year look bare and herbless. That part of the Darling between Laidley’s Tampa Bay Lightning Drakter Ponds Miehet Parajumpers Blazer Suomi and its junction with the Murray, a distance of about 100 miles in a direct line, had not been previously explored, nor had I time to lay it regularly down. I should say from the appearance of Frankrikesco Totti Tröja its channel that it is seldom very deep, frequently dry at intervals, and that its floods are uncertain, sudden, and very temporary. That they rise rapidly may be implied from the fact that in two days the floods we witnessed rose more than nine feet, and that they come from the higher branches of the river there can be no doubt, since the Darling has no tributary between Laidley’s Ponds and Fort Bourke. I have no doubt but the whole line of the river will sooner Nike Roshe Run or later be occupied, and that both its soil and climate will be found to suit the purpose both of the grazier and
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