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Following the conclusion of the climate change talks in Copenhagen, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has received submissions of national pledges to cut and limit greenhouse gases by 2020 from 55 countries.These countries together account for 78 per cent of global emissions from energy use.“This represents an important invigoration of the UN climate change talks under the two tracks of Long-term Cooperative Action under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol,” said Yvo de Boer, Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC.“The commitment to confront climate change at the highest level is beyond doubt. These pledges have been formally communicated to the UNFCCC. Greater ambition is required to meet the scale of the challenge. But I see these pledges as clear signals of willingness to move negotiations towards a successful conclusion,” he said.Industrialised countries listed their mid-term targets to cut emissions.Stating its target for 2020, the United States committed to emission cuts in the range of 17%, in conformity with anticipated U.S. energy and climate legislation,Air Max Zero Be True, recognizing that the final target will be reported to the Secretariat in light of enacted legislation.The pathway set forth in pending legislation would entail a 30% reduction in 2025 and a 42% reduction in 2030, in line with the goal to reduce emissions 83% by 2050.Australia said it will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 25% on 2000 levels by 2020 if the world agrees to an ambitious global deal capable of stabilising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012,Mens Nike Free Run, European countries reiterated its conditional offer to move to a 30% reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels,China Jerseys Cheap, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities.Developing countries communicated information on their nationally appropriate mitigation actions.China said it will endeavour to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels.India said it will attempt to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20-25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level.The next round of formal negotiations is scheduled to be in Bonn,Cheap Air Jordan Shoes, Germany, at the end of May 2010. Several countries have indicated their wish to see a quick return to the negotiations with more meetings than the scheduled sessions. “We are seeking further guidance from governments,” de Boer added.With 194 Parties, the UNFCCC has near universal membership and is the parent treaty of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol has been ratified by 190 of the UNFCCC Parties.Under the Protocol,Nike Air Max 1 Ultra Flyknit Womens, 37 States,Cheap Stitched Jerseys, consisting of highly industrialized countries and countries undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, have legally binding emission limitation and reduction commitments.The ultimate objective of both treaties is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.
